Gut Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Other Chronic Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases
ثبت نشده
چکیده
Background: Since the description of the normal human gut microbiome in healthy individuals using broad-range polymerase chain reaction, there has been great advancement in the techniques used to conduct microbiome research and applications of this research across health, gastrointestinal diseases, and nongastrointestinal diseases. Summary and Key Messages: In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), studies have reported gut dysbiosis meaning that the microbial composition, diversity, and richness are altered. Persons with IBD harbor on average 25% fewer microbial genes than healthy persons. Reduced diversity has been reported in both the fecal and mucosal microbiome of IBD. Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis are systemic diseases with immunological alterations in both intestinal and circulating compartments. As knowledge about the impact of the gut microbiome on the intestinal and systemic immune response has Published online: October 20, 2017 Charles N. Bernstein, MD 804F-715 McDermot Avenue University of Manitoba Winnipeg, MB R3E3P4 (Canada) E-Mail charles.bernstein @ umanitoba.ca © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel
منابع مشابه
Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) including most important forms; Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC); are chronic diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract with unclear etiology and pathology. The role of gut microbiota has recently been considered as major a factor, since altered microbiome or "dysbiosis" is a key player in the protracted course of inflammation in IBD. Howeve...
متن کاملThe microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: current and therapeutic insights
Inflammatory bowel disease is a heterogeneous group of chronic disorders that result from the interaction of the intestinal immune system with the gut microbiome. Until recently, most investigative efforts and therapeutic breakthroughs were centered on understanding and manipulating the altered mucosal immune response that characterizes these diseases. However, more recent studies have highligh...
متن کاملVitamin D Axis in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Role, Current Uses and Future Perspectives
Increasing evidence supports the concept that the vitamin D axis possesses immunoregulatory functions, with vitamin D receptor (VDR) status representing the major determinant of vitamin D's pleiotropic effects. Vitamin D promotes the production of anti-microbial peptides, including β-defensins and cathelicidins, the shift towards Th2 immune responses, and regulates autophagy and epithelial barr...
متن کاملThe Microbiome and Diet: Friend or Foe in the Future Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease?
It is well established that uncontrolled activation of effector immune cells in response to the gut microbiota triggers chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms in genetically susceptible hosts. The exact cause(s) for IBD remains unknown. Previous studies have examined, in detail, how the gut microbiome, genetic susceptibility, and environmental stress may activate the immune responses...
متن کاملDietary Influence of the Gut Microbiome – Potential Hazards and Benefits
Over the past decade, significant advancements in metagenomics and metabolomics have shed light on the intricate influence of the gut microbiome on the course of systemic diseases. Even more recently, data has emerged on specific bacterial metabolites and antigens interacting with the immune system to modulate these diseases. As diet partly determines the gut flora, we analyzed studies on dieta...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2017